Struts2 开发步骤教程（MyEclipse ）

一、开发流程概述

1.在web.xml中定义核心Filter拦截用户请求，添加如下内容：

    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

2.根据需求编辑jsp请求代码

3.定义处理用户请求的Action类

4.配置Action，类似如下内容（struts.xml）：

        <action name="login" class="cn.no7player.struts2.action.LoginAction">
            <!-- 定义三个逻辑视图和物理资源之间的映射 -->     
            ...    
        </action>

...

</action>

5.配置处理结果和视图资源的关系：

        <action name="login" class="cn.no7player.struts2.action.LoginAction">
            <!-- 定义三个逻辑视图和物理资源之间的映射 -->     
            <result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
            <result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>        
        </action>

<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>

<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>

<result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>

</action>

6.编写视图资源，一般借助OGNL表达式

二、操作实践——创建一个简单的struts2应用

1. 新建 Web Project ：

（1）选择创建Web Project项目，命名为：StrutsSimple

（2）创建完成后初始化目录结构如图：

（3）* index.jsp初始化内容：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    This is my JSP page. <br>
  </body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>

<!--

-->

</head>

<body>

This is my JSP page. <br>

</body>

</html>

（4）*web.xml初始化内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>HelloStruts2</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

<display-name>HelloStruts2</display-name>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

2.下载配置struts2依赖包：

（1） http://struts.apache.org/download.cgi

下载选项：

Full Distribution:
- struts-2.3.20-all.zip (65MB) [PGP] [MD5]
Example Applications:
- struts-2.3.20-apps.zip (35MB) [PGP] [MD5]
Essential Dependencies Only:
- struts-2.3.20-lib.zip (19MB) [PGP] [MD5]
Documentation:
- struts-2.3.20-docs.zip (13MB) [PGP] [MD5]
Source:
- struts-2.3.20-src.zip (7MB) [PGP] [MD5]

（2）下载第一个struts-2.3.20-all.zip并解压：

apps：示例应用

docs：技术文档

lib：核心类库

src：源代码

（3） * apps–>.war–>struts2-blank.war 解压（一个最简单的示例程序）

进入lib目录，复制该目录下的所有jar文件到 WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib目录中。

3. 修改配置文件

（1）web.xml—-定义核心Filter拦截用户请求：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>Struts2Simple</display-name>
  
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

<display-name>Struts2Simple</display-name>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

（2）index.jsp—-根据需求编辑jsp请求代码，以及编写视图资源文件：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title><s:text name="loginPage"/></title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    <s:form action="login">
            <s:textfield name="username" key="user"/>
            <s:textfield name="password" key="pass"/>
            <s:submit key="login"/>
    </s:form>
  </body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<!--

-->

</head>

<body>

<s:form action="login">

<s:textfield name="username" key="user"/>

<s:textfield name="password" key="pass"/>

<s:submit key="login"/>

</s:form>

</body>

</html>

welcome.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<html>
    <head>
        <title><s:text name="succPage"/></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <s:text name="succTip">
			<s:param>${sessionScope.user}</s:param>
		</s:text><br>
    </body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>

<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<s:text name="succTip">

<s:param>${sessionScope.user}</s:param>

</s:text><br>

</body>

</html>

error.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<html>
    <head>
        <title><s:text name="errorPage"/></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <s:text name="failTip"/>
    </body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>

<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<s:text name="failTip"/>

</body>

</html>

（3）LoginAction.java—-定义处理用户请求的Action类：

package cn.no7player.struts2.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport{
	private String username;
	private String password;
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String execute() throws Exception	{
		if (getUsername().equals("zhoul")&& getPassword().equals("123456") ){
			ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user" , getUsername());
			return SUCCESS;
		}
		else{
			return ERROR;
		}
	}
}

package cn.no7player.struts2.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport{

private String username;

private String password;

public String getUsername() {

return username;

}

public void setUsername(String username) {

this.username = username;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

public String execute() throws Exception {

if (getUsername().equals("zhoul")&& getPassword().equals("123456") ){

ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user" , getUsername());

return SUCCESS;

}

else{

return ERROR;

}

（4）struts.xml—-配置Action，配置处理结果和视图资源的关系：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <package name="default"  namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="login" class="cn.no7player.struts2.action.LoginAction">
            <!-- 定义三个逻辑视图和物理资源之间的映射 -->     
            <result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
            <result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>        
        </action>
    </package>
    <!-- Add packages here -->
</struts>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>

<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>

<result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

</struts>

（5）目录结构：

一、开发流程概述

二、操作实践——创建一个简单的struts2应用

1. 新建 Web Project ：

2.下载配置struts2依赖包：

3. 修改配置文件

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